The Western District of New York in Clark v. Buffalo City School District, Case No. 1:21cv00700, 2021 WL5764703 (W.D.N.Y. Oct. 28, 2021) recently granted a motion to dismiss because the defendant (a school district) was not a “person” within the meaning of the TCPA and could not be liable under the Act.  As we previously explained here, this decision creates a significant obstacle for plaintiffs who wish to go after school districts and other government actors for alleged TCPA violations.

Plaintiff alleged that Buffalo City School District violated the TCPA when it called and left voicemails on his cell phone.  Buffalo City School District moved to dismiss Plaintiff’s complaint arguing, among other things, that it was not a “person” within the meaning of the TCPA and could not be liable under the Act.  The Court agreed (without reaching the school district’s other arguments).

The Court first noted that the applicable definition of “person” is found at 47 U.S.C. 153(39), and defines the term as follows: “the term ‘person’ includes an individual, partnership, association, joint-stock company, trust, or corporation.”  Id. at *1.  The Court further relied on a prior case from the Middle District of Florida—Lambert v. Seminole County School Board, 2016 WL 9453806, (M.D. Fla. 2016)—which refused to extend the meaning of “person” to a school board and held that “[c]onspicuously absent from this definition of ‘person’ is any mention of governmental entities, let alone a phrase that may reasonably be construed as encapsulating a sovereign.”  The court rejected the plaintiff’s argument that the term “includes” in the definition of “person” enlarged the definition to encompass the school district, explaining that “while the list is not exhaustive, it indicates that the meaning of ‘person’ here is limited to private, non-governmental entities.”  Accordingly, the Court dismissed Plaintiff’s Complaint.

Following the decision of the District Court, the plaintiff appealed to the Second Circuit.  That appeal is currently pending as Clark v. Buffalo City School District, Case No. 21-2932.

The decision is an important reminder for governmental entities targeted in TPCA class actions that they have a solid ground for dismissal before discovery.