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When A California Corporation Converts To A California Limited Liability Company, What Happens To Its Nevada Business License?

NRS 107.028(1)(d) requires that a trustee under a deed of trust be a "domestic or foreign entity which holds a current state business license issued by the Secretary of State pursuant to chapter 76 of NRS".   In Mahban v....more

Home Means Nevada For This Corporation, But Its Heart Remains Exclusively With The Delaware Court Of Chancery

In 2019, the Nevada legislature added a provision to the state's corporate law permitting the articles of incorporation or bylaws to require, to the extent not inconsistent with any applicable jurisdictional requirements and...more

How The Mandatory Indemnification Statutes Of Nevada And Delaware Differ

Both Delaware and Nevada require corporations to indemnify certain persons against expenses (including attorneys' fees) to the extent that they have been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or...more

Converting A Corporation Is Not Domestication

In a recent post, I took note of another Delaware corporation that had disclosed plans to convert to a Nevada corporation.  The Form 8-K filed by this company included the following statement...more

Another Public Company Announces Plan To Decamp To Nevada - Is Delaware's Dam About To Burst?

The Delaware dam may not be bursting but there are signs that it is leaking.  In an earlier post, I observed that despite all of the talk, I had not found many recent examples of publicly traded companies reincorporating in...more

Not Every California Corporation Is Governed By The California General Corporation Law

The California General Corporation Law is part of the California Corporations Code, but not every corporation incorporated in California is formed or governed by the General Corporation Law.   In fact, the Corporations Code...more

What Egregious Error Have Courts Made Nearly 9,000 Times (And Counting)?

In a recently published article, Professors Samantha J. Prince & Joshua P. Fershée focus on the propensity to conflate corporations with limited liability companies...more

Does Delaware Discriminate Against The Deaf And Hearing Impaired?

I recently addressed the question of whether the exchange of emails might constitute a corporate board meeting.  Recently, Professor Stephen Bainbridge pointed out that he discussed this question more than two decades ago.   ...more

Do E-mail Exchanges Constitute A Meeting Of The Board?

I recently discussed whether chat messages constitute "minutes" of a meeting.  A related question is whether emails constitute a meeting....more

Do Corporate Minutes Include Chat Messages?

A California corporation is required to keep "minutes of the proceedings of its shareholders, board and committees of the board".  Cal. Corp. Code § 1500.  Minutes are required to be open to inspection upon the written demand...more

California Legislator Proposes To Enhance Criminal Fines For California, But Not Delaware, Business Entities

In February of this year, California Assembly Member Jesse Gabriel introduced a bill making certain technical, nonsubstantive changes to a provision of the Penal Code concerning the removal of prison inmates for court...more

How Will The Secretary Of State Know A Corporation's Purpose?

Yesterday I wrote about my concern that about the constitutionality of  SB 1168 (Limón).  This bill  would allow the California Secretary of State to cancel the articles of incorporation or the filing of a statement and...more

Are D&O Premiums Less For Nevada Corporations?

I have been following Nevada law since 1987 when it followed Delaware by enacting a statute allowing Nevada corporations to include an exculpation provision in their articles of incorporation.  The original statute was an...more

What Exactly Must A Board Approve When It Approves A Merger?

Last Friday, John Jenkins wrote about another momentous ruling by Chancellor Kathaleen St. J. McCormick.  In Sjunde AP-Fonden v. Activision Blizzard, Inc., 2024 WL 863290 (Del. Ch. Feb. 29, 2024), she ruled...more

For How Long Is That Proxy Valid?

Section 705(a) of the California Corporations Code provides that no proxy is valid after the expiration of 11 months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy.  This is a reflection of the fact that proxies...more

Does Delaware Have Personal Jurisdiction Over Controlling Stockholders?

Delaware Chancellor Kathaleen St. J. McCormick's decision to set aside Elon Musk's multibillion dollar compensation package with Tesla, Inc. has garnered widespread in the general and legal press.  Tornetta v. Musk, 2024 WL...more

What Are The Damages?

In yesterday's post, I discussed Vice Chancellor J. Travis Laster's recent ruling in Palkon v. Maffeii, 2024 WL 678204 (Del. Ch. Feb. 20, 2024).  The case concerned a challenge to the proposed redomestications of TripAdvisor,...more

Can The California Attorney General Enforce The Inspection Rights Of Stockholders And Directors Of Delaware Corporations?

The California General Corporation Law expectedly grants inspection rights to shareholders and directors of California corporations.  Unexpectedly (at least to practitioners outside California), the GCL extends those rights...more

Is The General Counsel Ipso Facto A Corporate Officer?

One difficulty of answering the question of whether a general counsel is a corporate officer is that the California General Corporation Law does not define "officer".  Corporations Code Section 312(a) requires a corporation...more

If Corporate Charters Are Contracts, Must They Be Signed By The Corporation?

Recently, Professor Ann Lipton wrote that the California Supreme Court has granted review of EpicentRx, In.c v. Superior Court, 95 Cal. App. 5th 890 (2023), review granted 539 P.3d 118 (2023).   This was a case that I...more

If Harvard Is A Corporation, Does Its Board Owe Fiduciary Duties?

Of late, Harvard has garnered an abundance of attention regarding the continued incumbency of its President.  Despite widely criticized testimony before Congress and the publication of allegations of plagiarism, the Harvard...more

Sundering Noncompetes From The Internal Affairs Doctrine

Last week, I wrote about a recent Delaware case involving an attempt to enforce a non-compete provision in a limited liability company agreement.  Sunder Energy, LLC v. Jackson, 2023 WL 8166517.  The case was brought in the...more

Court Rules Director Of California Corporation Has A Duty To Disclose When Soliciting Consents

The California General Corporation Law permits shareholders to take action by written consent, unless otherwise provided in the articles of incorporation.  Cal. Corp. Code § 603(a).  When shareholder action is taken by...more

Lawyer Revives Zombie Corporation In Attempt To Enforce Decades Old Lien - Was He Successful?

In 1995, Panrox International (USA), Inc. recorded a deed of trust on a home in Los Angeles to secure an indebtedness of $141,000.  On January 2, 2001, the State of California suspended Panrox for failure to pay taxes. ...more

When Cumulative Voting Precludes Election Of Directors By Ballot

The California Nonprofit Mutual Benefit Corporation Law contemplates three different methods for members to take action: at a meeting, by ballot, and by unanimous written consent.  Cal. Corp. Code §§ 7512(a), 7513 & 7516. ...more

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