Over two years since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine triggered the imposition of worldwide sanctions against Russia, Moscow has continued to respond in the form of new counter-sanctions.

We have previously summarized some of the existing measures targeting “unfriendly” foreign investors in Russia that Moscow has taken in response to international sanctions. The more recent measures signal a further tightening of this increasingly complex web, in which more than 2,000 foreign companies present in Russia remain caught...