For corporate and financial services clients on both sides of the Atlantic, trade compliance represents a major compliance challenge. The complex, multi- jurisdictional network of regulatory obligations has given many a General Counsel, Compliance Officer or Chief Financial Officer a headache.

While undoubtedly presenting a complex set of regulatory issues, the management of regulatory risks associated with issues such as economic sanctions, asset-freezing measures and trade restrictions can be broken down into four key components — the four “Ps”.