Effective for plan years beginning on or after September 23 (January 1, 2011, for calendar year plans and policies), non-grandfathered group health plans (including non-Employee Retirement Income Security Act plans such as governmental and church plans) and health insurance issuers will be required under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) to comply with federal rules for administering health plan claims and appeals. ERISA plans already are required to adhere to existing Department of Labor (DOL) claim and appeal regulations, but interim final regulations issued jointly by the Department of the Treasury, the DOL and the Department of Health and Human Services (75 Fed. Reg. 43330) extend those requirements to non-ERISA group health plans and health insurance policies and also impose new requirements for all group health plans and insurers.