The Final Rule of the Notice of Observation Treatment and Implications for Care Eligibility Act of 2015 (Pub. L. 114-42) is scheduled to become effective October 1, 2016.
Thereafter, hospitals and Critical Access Hospitals (collectively, “Hospitals”) are required to provide written notice to individuals entitled to Medicare benefits if the patient receives outpatient observation services for more than 24 hours. Notification, and a corresponding oral explanation, must be provided no later than 36 hours after outpatient observation services are initiated.
Hospitals must use the Medicare Outpatient Observation Notice (MOON) to provide standardized written notice. The MOON explains the individual is an outpatient receiving observation services, and is not an inpatient of a Hospital. It includes the reasons(s) the patient is being classified as an outpatient receiving observation services, and explains the implications of being an outpatient receiving observation services, the most significant being cost-sharing responsibility and the impact on post-hospitalization eligibility for coverage of skilled nursing facility services.
The MOON must either be signed by the individual receiving outpatient observation services or by a person acting on the patient’s behalf. If a signature is refused, the MOON can be signed by the Hospital staff member who presented it to the patient. Hospitals must retain a signed copy of the MOON; however, they are permitted to determine the method of storage.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) will facilitate effective monitoring and enforcement of all of these requirements. Of note, there is no impact or change to the current requirements and guidance related to the 2 midnight rule previously issued by CMS.
The Final Rule estimates the annual cost burden estimate of implementation at approximately $3,825.81 per Hospital.
