Corporate Integrity Agreements (CIAs) are among the most important tools in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General’s (OIG) toolbox for promoting compliance in the health care industry. CIAs impose controls directly on companies or individuals resolving government investigations, ensuring those entities have the integrity to continue receiving reimbursement under federal health care programs. CIAs also promote compliance indirectly by providing nonbinding guidance to other entities in similar industry sectors as to what the OIG considers to be effective in terms of compliance program structure and controls. CIAs provide an up-to-date perspective on the OIG’s priorities and concerns in a particular industry sector. Companies should stay current on CIA trends as they assess and seek to continuously improve their compliance programs.